Direct & Indirect(kalimat langsung & kalimat tak langsung)
Commands : negative commands(direct/kalimat langsung)
(+) close the door! (-) don’t close the door!
(+) please turn off the light! (-) please don’t turn off the light!
(+) open the windows! (-) don’t open the windows!

(+) John told to Marry to close the door!
(+) John ask to Marry to turn off the light!
(+) John ask to Marry to open the windows!
(-) John told to Marry not to close the door!
(-) John ask to Marry not turn off the light!
(-) John ask to Marry not to open the windows!
Reported speech
Study the example below carefully if you have difficulties dicuss if with your friends or ask it to your teacher.
• The man said to his son.Don’t play outside.
 The man said to his son not to play outside.
• Father told me,’bring me newspaper’.
 Father told me to bring me newspaper.
• Mira said to her friend,’I’am very tired’.
 Mira said to her friend it that she was very tired.
• Anton said,some people are gathering in the field.
 Anton said that some people were gathering in the field.
• Maria said to her brother,you can join me.
 Maria said to her brother that he could join her.
• The girl said I have waited for you for an her.
 The girl said that she had waited for him/here for on hour.
• She told a stranger phoned me I last night.
 She told that a stranger had phone me last night before.
• Uncle asked me are you free now.
 Uncle asked me if I was free then.
• The manager asked the secretary if she will you type this letter for me.
 The manager asked the secretary if she would type that letter for him.
• Doddy asked his wife.’do you like this shirt?’.
 Doddy asked his wife if she like that shirt.
• Boby ask me,’where did you go last night?’
 Boby asked me,where I had gone the night before.
• Mory ask her daughter,’what will you buy?’.
Mory asked her daughter what she would buy?.









The change of tense :
1. now > then
2. yesterday > the day before
3. last night > the night before
4. the days ago > to days before
5. to day > that day
6. tomorrow > the next day / the following that
7. next month > the following month
8. here > there
9. this > that
10. this > those

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